Details for: PDE4B

Gene ID: 5142

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: PDE4B

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000184588

Description: phosphodiesterase 4B

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 70.48
    rCSI 84.19%
    PRS 78.83
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 62.35
    rCSI 80.37%
    PRS 79.86
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 60.76
    rCSI 83.14%
    PRS 83.93
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 52.13
    rCSI 94.71%
    PRS 84.99
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 49.96
    rCSI 93.57%
    PRS 83.17
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 46.98
    rCSI 75.55%
    PRS 79.63
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 45.8
    rCSI 30.86%
    PRS 97.94
  • oligodendrocyte precursor cell CL0002453
    CSI 43.92
    rCSI 96.64%
    PRS 74.64
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 41.6
    rCSI 31.13%
    PRS 97.23
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 40.89
    rCSI 50.87%
    PRS 76.62
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 37.94
    rCSI 55.77%
    PRS 86.28
  • astrocyte CL0000127
    CSI 37.76
    rCSI 80.45%
    PRS 70.18
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 36.81
    rCSI 60.29%
    PRS 84.5
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 36.3
    rCSI 64.1%
    PRS 78.18
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 34.1
    rCSI 87.65%
    PRS 87.52
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 33.11
    rCSI 74.23%
    PRS 79.16
  • oligodendrocyte CL0000128
    CSI 31.26
    rCSI 92.4%
    PRS 81.76
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 30.43
    rCSI 67.23%
    PRS 81.09
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 29.86
    rCSI 56.37%
    PRS 95.1
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 28.03
    rCSI 67.03%
    PRS 81.18
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 27.41
    rCSI 54.42%
    PRS 87.77
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 27.38
    rCSI 21.1%
    PRS 93.79
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 25.78
    rCSI 68.66%
    PRS 79.56
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 24.96
    rCSI 78.02%
    PRS 80.08
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 23.66
    rCSI 57.49%
    PRS 76.63
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 22.82
    rCSI 15.88%
    PRS 97.95
  • naive B cell CL0000788
    CSI 22.64
    rCSI 19.42%
    PRS 94.07
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 21.02
    rCSI 16.99%
    PRS 95.39
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 20.41
    rCSI 29.57%
    PRS 97.37
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 20.26
    rCSI 14.14%
    PRS 93.88
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 20.1
    rCSI 30.33%
    PRS 94.66
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 19.33
    rCSI 33.07%
    PRS 96.55
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 19.26
    rCSI 22.25%
    PRS 83.94
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 19.24
    rCSI 69.25%
    PRS 76.79
  • H1 horizontal cell CL0004217
    CSI 19.11
    rCSI 75.7%
    PRS 85
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 18.92
    rCSI 43.69%
    PRS 82.33
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 18.76
    rCSI 29.93%
    PRS 83.89
  • central nervous system macrophage CL0000878
    CSI 18.22
    rCSI 60.38%
    PRS 92.91
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 18.2
    rCSI 25.28%
    PRS 89.49
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 17.82
    rCSI 16.44%
    PRS 92.06
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 17.01
    rCSI 11.3%
    PRS 92.4
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 16.34
    rCSI 55.95%
    PRS 79.05
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909
    CSI 15.52
    rCSI 16.21%
    PRS 96.25
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 15.48
    rCSI 35.34%
    PRS 84.89
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 15.33
    rCSI 13.96%
    PRS 97.38
  • diffuse bipolar 6 cell CL4033032
    CSI 15
    rCSI 78.88%
    PRS 81.62
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 14.95
    rCSI 56.51%
    PRS 78.94
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 14.9
    rCSI 32.32%
    PRS 80.45
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 14.55
    rCSI 12.24%
    PRS 97.38
  • B cell CL0000236
    CSI 14.34
    rCSI 19.19%
    PRS 91.34
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 14.2
    rCSI 19.35%
    PRS 85.13
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 14.06
    rCSI 12.99%
    PRS 97.72
  • H2 horizontal cell CL0004218
    CSI 13.89
    rCSI 69.04%
    PRS 85.94
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 13.56
    rCSI 13.32%
    PRS 97.72
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 13.3
    rCSI 15.58%
    PRS 97.42
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 13.21
    rCSI 34.43%
    PRS 92.34
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 13
    rCSI 11.94%
    PRS 94.99
  • memory B cell CL0000787
    CSI 12.97
    rCSI 12.8%
    PRS 95.59
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 12.91
    rCSI 10.2%
    PRS 84.5
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 12.84
    rCSI 21.95%
    PRS 97.43
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 12.65
    rCSI 74.49%
    PRS 79.2
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 12.36
    rCSI 8.87%
    PRS 97.92
  • plasma cell CL0000786
    CSI 12.29
    rCSI 16.11%
    PRS 95.23
  • diffuse bipolar 3b cell CL4033030
    CSI 12.21
    rCSI 81.05%
    PRS 85.44
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 12.01
    rCSI 39.48%
    PRS 80.09
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 11.52
    rCSI 38.59%
    PRS 78.27
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 11.44
    rCSI 9.47%
    PRS 92.13
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 11.39
    rCSI 14.62%
    PRS 87.53
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI 11.34
    rCSI 25.45%
    PRS 97.11
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 11.33
    rCSI 32.84%
    PRS 83.15
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 11.25
    rCSI 42.44%
    PRS 76.66
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 11.11
    rCSI 16.97%
    PRS 94.58
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 11.07
    rCSI 11.34%
    PRS 92.57
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906
    CSI 10.99
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 96.82
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 10.93
    rCSI 20.85%
    PRS 95.85
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 10.92
    rCSI 8.2%
    PRS 93.99
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 10.71
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 97.03
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 10.58
    rCSI 21.74%
    PRS 79.94
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 10.4
    rCSI 12.96%
    PRS 95.93
  • flat midget bipolar cell CL4033033
    CSI 10.4
    rCSI 74.36%
    PRS 82.08
  • class switched memory B cell CL0000972
    CSI 10.38
    rCSI 7.75%
    PRS 96.52
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 10.31
    rCSI 16.08%
    PRS 96.96
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 10.29
    rCSI 9.03%
    PRS 93.84
  • invaginating midget bipolar cell CL4033034
    CSI 10.14
    rCSI 59.9%
    PRS 82.64
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 10.04
    rCSI 20.38%
    PRS 74.22
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 10.03
    rCSI 8.03%
    PRS 95.31
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 9.98
    rCSI 7.76%
    PRS 97.38
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 9.92
    rCSI 17.39%
    PRS 87.67
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 9.89
    rCSI 7.35%
    PRS 96.17
  • diffuse bipolar 2 cell CL4033028
    CSI 9.87
    rCSI 76.43%
    PRS 84.06
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 9.8
    rCSI 14.97%
    PRS 96.14
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 9.67
    rCSI 37.38%
    PRS 93.83
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 9.65
    rCSI 70.92%
    PRS 83.26
  • microglial cell CL0000129
    CSI 9.62
    rCSI 38.73%
    PRS 89.46
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 9.57
    rCSI 17.13%
    PRS 89.55
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 9.44
    rCSI 14.39%
    PRS 88.08
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 9.31
    rCSI 18.69%
    PRS 85.26
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 9.26
    rCSI 16.65%
    PRS 86.41
  • monocyte CL0000576
    CSI 9.14
    rCSI 16.52%
    PRS 92.15
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 8.96
    rCSI 5.29%
    PRS 98.68
  • B-1 B cell CL0000819
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 6.7%
    PRS 97.0%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 88.6%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 90.1%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 92.4%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 97.2%
  • IgM plasma cell CL0000986
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 96.8%
  • diffuse bipolar 3a cell CL4033029
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 83.4%
  • B-2 B cell CL0000822
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 20.0%
    PRS 96.8%
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 96.6%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.7%
    PRS 90.9%
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 16.6%
    PRS 83.9%
  • intraepithelial lymphocyte CL0002496
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 97.6%
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 91.1%
  • cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL0010006
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 10.3%
    PRS 84.7%
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 92.1%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 80.8%
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 97.3%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 98.4%
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 89.7%
  • serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland CL4033005
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 12.8%
    PRS 92.7%
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 87.1%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 7.8%
    PRS 87.7%
  • skeletal muscle satellite stem cell CL0008011
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 11.4%
    PRS 96.2%
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 10.0%
    PRS 97.9%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 95.9%
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 88.6%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 15.8%
    PRS 95.7%
  • Cajal-Retzius cell CL0000695
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 20.4%
    PRS 92.5%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 10.0%
    PRS 84.9%
  • cerebellar neuron CL1001611
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 23.4%
    PRS 79.1%
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 17.3%
    PRS 93.5%
  • natural T-regulatory cell CL0000903
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 98.5%
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 85.4%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 93.1%
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 71.7%
    PRS 76.6%
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 72.3%
    PRS 76.7%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 89.3%
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 94.6%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 19.6%
    PRS 85.2%
  • T-helper 1 cell CL0000545
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 97.0%
  • midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 20.9%
    PRS 85.5%
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 89.7%
  • myeloid dendritic cell, human CL0001057
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 19.0%
    PRS 97.1%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 92.1%
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 9.8%
    PRS 93.1%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 90.1%
  • mesothelial cell CL0000077
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 13.7%
    PRS 75.1%
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 91.2%
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 72.4%
    PRS 83.5%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 92.9%
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 73.4%
    PRS 82.8%
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 85.5%
  • mature microglial cell CL0002629
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 15.4%
    PRS 89.0%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 94.1%
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 13.3%
    PRS 94.7%
  • GABAergic interneuron CL0011005
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 59.9%
    PRS 91.5%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 86.6%
  • serotonergic neuron CL0000850
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 17.3%
    PRS 77.4%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 7.1%
    PRS 95.3%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 92.7%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 19.7%
    PRS 94.3%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 5.7%
    PRS 83.5%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 21.8%
    PRS 94.5%
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 98.1%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 96.6%
  • lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL4033039
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 11.6%
    PRS 97.8%
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 21.8%
    PRS 87.5%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 10.2%
    PRS 95.0%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 91.9%
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 97.5%
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 27.3%
    PRS 80.9%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 20.8%
    PRS 91.5%
  • neutrophil CL0000775
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 29.3%
    PRS 88.5%
  • endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel CL0002138
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 92.3%
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 10.9%
    PRS 96.8%
  • tissue-resident macrophage CL0000864
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 25.6%
    PRS 96.6%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 95.8%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 5.8
    rCSI 16.7%
    PRS 98.6%
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 24.2%
    PRS 84.2%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 95.3%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 6.2
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 72.5%
  • follicular B cell CL0000843
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 23.1%
    PRS 96.7%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 10.7%
    PRS 78.8%
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 6.6
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 98.2%
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 25.6%
    PRS 86.8%
  • mature astrocyte CL0002627
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 29.4%
    PRS 84.6%
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 7.0
    rCSI 12.5%
    PRS 63.0%
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 15.8%
    PRS 93.2%
  • dendritic cell CL0000451
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 8.9%
    PRS 90.6%
  • diffuse bipolar 4 cell CL4033031
    CSI 7.3
    rCSI 83.3%
    PRS 79.1%
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 7.3
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 96.1%
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 7.4
    rCSI 18.7%
    PRS 93.3%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 7.4
    rCSI 11.8%
    PRS 95.0%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 7.4
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 93.0%
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 7.5
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 97.1%
  • IgG plasma cell CL0000985
    CSI 7.5
    rCSI 9.0%
    PRS 94.4%
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 7.6
    rCSI 9.7%
    PRS 83.3%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 7.6
    rCSI 23.8%
    PRS 81.7%
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 7.7
    rCSI 66.1%
    PRS 83.6%
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 7.8
    rCSI 17.8%
    PRS 91.9%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary Phosphodiesterase 4B, encoded by the [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) gene, is a member of the type IV, cyclic AMP (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE) family. Its primary molecular function is the hydrolysis and inactivation of cAMP, a critical second messenger involved in numerous signal transduction pathways [Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8392015/). This function positions [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) as a key regulator of intracellular signaling cascades. **Overall**, expression data indicate a prominent role for [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) within the central nervous system, where it is a highly significant gene in diverse neuronal subtypes, particularly GABAergic interneurons such as the [VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023016) and [sst GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023017), as well as in glial cells like [Bergmann glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000644). In addition, significant expression in lymphocyte populations, including [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907), suggests a specialized role in modulating adaptive immune responses. The gene is clinically associated with Acrodysostosis-2 ([OMIM:600127](https://omim.org/entry/600127)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) highlights its importance predominantly in the central nervous system (CNS), with specific roles in the immune system. **Overall**, the gene shows its highest significance in a variety of CNS cell types. It is a defining marker for several subtypes of inhibitory neurons, including [VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023016), [sst GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023017), and [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018). Its high CSI in these cells suggests a critical role in regulating synaptic transmission and cortical circuit function by modulating local cAMP levels. Furthermore, [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) is highly significant in glial cell populations, including [Bergmann glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000644), [differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor](/details-cell/CL4023059), and [astrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000127). This widespread expression across both neuronal and glial lineages underscores its fundamental role in maintaining CNS homeostasis. Beyond the CNS, [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) demonstrates notable significance in specific subsets of adaptive immune cells. It is highly expressed in [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907) and [T follicular helper cell](/details-cell/CL0002038), suggesting a role in regulating the activation thresholds, differentiation, and memory functions of these T lymphocyte populations. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functions of [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) are centered on its enzymatic activity and its role in second messenger signaling. **Molecular Function:** The primary molecular function of [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) is its [3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase activity](/details-go/GO:0004115), which enables the hydrolysis of cAMP. This activity is critical for the [cAMP catabolic process](/details-go/GO:0006198). The protein also demonstrates [metal ion binding](/details-go/GO:0046872), essential for its catalytic function, and [protein binding](/details-go/GO:0005515) capabilities, allowing it to integrate into larger signaling complexes. **Biological Process:** The enzymatic activity of [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) translates into the regulation of numerous biological processes. Its central role in [cAMP-mediated signaling](/details-go/GO:0019933) is reflected in its involvement in GPCR downstream signaling pathways, as shown in Reactome pathways like [Signaling by GPCR](/details-pathway/R-HSA-372790). This is consistent with its high expression in neurons, where it participates in processes such as the cellular response to neurotransmitters and synaptic signaling. In the immune system, [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) is implicated in the [T cell receptor signaling pathway](/details-go/GO:0050852), [positive regulation of interleukin-2 production](/details-go/GO:0032743), and [leukocyte migration](/details-go/GO:0050900). This functional annotation aligns perfectly with its expression in T cell subsets, where cAMP levels are known to be critical regulators of activation and effector function. The gene's involvement in responding to inflammatory stimuli is further supported by its role in the [cellular response to lipopolysaccharide](/details-go/GO:0071222). ## Research Directions The specific expression patterns and functional annotations of [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) suggest several avenues for future research, particularly concerning its roles in neuropathology and immunomodulation. **Testable Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in multiple, distinct GABAergic interneuron subtypes ([VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023016), [sst GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023017)), we hypothesize that isoform-specific inhibition of [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) could differentially modulate the activity of cortical microcircuits. This may offer a more precise therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders characterized by an excitatory/inhibitory imbalance, such as epilepsy or schizophrenia, compared to pan-PDE4 inhibitors. 2. Based on its expression in [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907) and its involvement in the [T cell receptor signaling pathway](/details-go/GO:0050852), we hypothesize that [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) acts as a crucial negative regulator of T cell memory. Its activity may set the threshold for reactivation, and its inhibition could enhance the recall response of memory T cells, a potentially valuable mechanism in vaccine development or cancer immunotherapy. **Proposed Experimental Approach:** To test the second hypothesis regarding the role of [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) in memory T cell function, one could perform the following experiment. Central memory CD8+ T cells would be isolated from healthy human donors. These cells would be cultured *in vitro* and treated with a highly selective [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) inhibitor or a vehicle control. Following treatment, the T cells would be stimulated via their T cell receptor (e.g., using anti-CD3/CD28 beads). Key functional outputs would be measured, including proliferation (by flow cytometric analysis of Ki-67 expression), effector cytokine production (e.g., IFN-γ and TNF-α measured by ELISA or intracellular staining), and metabolic reprogramming (e.g., using a Seahorse XF Analyzer). An enhanced response in the inhibitor-treated group compared to the control would support the hypothesis that [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) negatively regulates memory T cell recall. **Therapeutic Potential:** [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) is an established therapeutic target, and its inhibitors have been explored for various inflammatory and neuropsychiatric conditions [Link](https://doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.10.6558-6571.1993). As an enzyme that degrades a key signaling molecule, **inhibition** is the primary therapeutic strategy. Its role in modulating immune cell function makes it a strong candidate for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, its widespread and high expression throughout the central nervous system suggests that systemically administered inhibitors may carry a risk of neurological side effects. Therefore, developing inhibitors with greater specificity for immune-cell-specific isoforms of [PDE4B](/details-gene/5142) or employing targeted delivery systems could be a promising strategy to maximize therapeutic benefit while minimizing off-target effects.

Genular Protein ID: 562338834

Symbol: PDE4B_HUMAN

Name: DPDE4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8392015

Title: The cDNA of a human lymphocyte cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE IV) reveals a multigene family.

PubMed ID: 8392015

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90274-7

PubMed ID: 8413254

Title: A family of human phosphodiesterases homologous to the dunce learning and memory gene product of Drosophila melanogaster are potential targets for antidepressant drugs.

PubMed ID: 8413254

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.13.10.6558-6571.1993

PubMed ID: 9371714

Title: Molecular cloning and transient expression in COS7 cells of a novel human PDE4B cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase, HSPDE4B3.

PubMed ID: 9371714

DOI: 10.1042/bj3280549

PubMed ID: 8384210

Title: A low-Km, rolipram-sensitive, cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase from human brain. Cloning and expression of cDNA, biochemical characterization of recombinant protein, and tissue distribution of mRNA.

PubMed ID: 8384210

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53275-0

PubMed ID: 17519386

Title: PDE4B5, a novel, super-short, brain-specific cAMP phosphodiesterase-4 variant whose isoform-specifying N-terminal region is identical to that of cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D6 (PDE4D6).

PubMed ID: 17519386

DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.122218

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10846163

Title: Atomic structure of PDE4: insights into phosphodiesterase mechanism and specificity.

PubMed ID: 10846163

DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5472.1822

PubMed ID: 15003452

Title: Crystal structures of the catalytic domain of phosphodiesterase 4B complexed with AMP, 8-Br-AMP, and rolipram.

PubMed ID: 15003452

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.01.040

PubMed ID: 15260978

Title: A glutamine switch mechanism for nucleotide selectivity by phosphodiesterases.

PubMed ID: 15260978

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.07.005

PubMed ID: 15576036

Title: Structural basis for the activity of drugs that inhibit phosphodiesterases.

PubMed ID: 15576036

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2004.10.004

PubMed ID: 15685167

Title: A family of phosphodiesterase inhibitors discovered by cocrystallography and scaffold-based drug design.

PubMed ID: 15685167

DOI: 10.1038/nbt1059

PubMed ID: 17727341

Title: Structures of the four subfamilies of phosphodiesterase-4 provide insight into the selectivity of their inhibitors.

PubMed ID: 17727341

DOI: 10.1042/bj20070970

PubMed ID: 18539455

Title: Pyrazolopyridines as a novel structural class of potent and selective PDE4 inhibitors.

PubMed ID: 18539455

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.052

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 736
  • Mass: 83343
  • Checksum: 208FCE9CD40EF5EB
  • Sequence:
  • MKKSRSVMTV MADDNVKDYF ECSLSKSYSS SSNTLGIDLW RGRRCCSGNL QLPPLSQRQS 
    ERARTPEGDG ISRPTTLPLT TLPSIAITTV SQECFDVENG PSPGRSPLDP QASSSAGLVL 
    HATFPGHSQR RESFLYRSDS DYDLSPKAMS RNSSLPSEQH GDDLIVTPFA QVLASLRSVR 
    NNFTILTNLH GTSNKRSPAA SQPPVSRVNP QEESYQKLAM ETLEELDWCL DQLETIQTYR 
    SVSEMASNKF KRMLNRELTH LSEMSRSGNQ VSEYISNTFL DKQNDVEIPS PTQKDREKKK 
    KQQLMTQISG VKKLMHSSSL NNTSISRFGV NTENEDHLAK ELEDLNKWGL NIFNVAGYSH 
    NRPLTCIMYA IFQERDLLKT FRISSDTFIT YMMTLEDHYH SDVAYHNSLH AADVAQSTHV 
    LLSTPALDAV FTDLEILAAI FAAAIHDVDH PGVSNQFLIN TNSELALMYN DESVLENHHL 
    AVGFKLLQEE HCDIFMNLTK KQRQTLRKMV IDMVLATDMS KHMSLLADLK TMVETKKVTS 
    SGVLLLDNYT DRIQVLRNMV HCADLSNPTK SLELYRQWTD RIMEEFFQQG DKERERGMEI 
    SPMCDKHTAS VEKSQVGFID YIVHPLWETW ADLVQPDAQD ILDTLEDNRN WYQSMIPQSP 
    SPPLDEQNRD CQGLMEKFQF ELTLDEEDSE GPEKEGEGHS YFSSTKTLCV IDPENRDSLG 
    ETDIDIATED KSPVDT

Genular Protein ID: 1567967116

Symbol: Q59GM8_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 726
  • Mass: 82677
  • Checksum: D44DDCDEEC5051FB
  • Sequence:
  • HSLQDMTAKD SSKELTASEP EVCIKTFKEQ MHLELELPRL PGNRPTSPKI SPRSSPRNSP 
    CFFRKLLVNK SIRQRRRFTV AHTCFDVENG PSPGRSPLDP QASSSAGLVL HATFPGHSQR 
    RESFLYRSDS DYDLSPKAMS RNSSLPSEQH GDDLIVTPFA QVLASLRSVR NNFTILTNLH 
    GTSNKRSPAA SQPPVSRVNP QEESYQKLAM ETLEELDWCL DQLETIQTYR SVSEMASNKF 
    KRMLNRELTH LSEMSRSGNQ VSEYISNTFL DKQNDVEIPS PTQKDREKKK KQQLMTQISG 
    VKKLMHSSSL NNTSISRFGV NTENEDHLAK ELEDLNKWGL NIFNVAGYSH NRPLTCIMYA 
    IFQERDLLKT FRISSDTFIT YMMTLEDHYH SDVAYHNSLH AADVAQSTHV LLSTPALDAV 
    FTDLEILAAI FAAAIHDVDH PGVSNQFLIN TNSELALMYN DESVLENHHL AVGFKLLQEE 
    HCDIFMNLTK KQRQTLRKMV IDMVLATDMS KHMSLLADLK TMVETKKVTS SGVLLLDNYT 
    DRIQVLRNMV HCADLSNPTK SLELYRQWTD RIMEEFFQQG DKERERGMEI SPMCDKHTAS 
    VEKSQVGFID YIVHPLWETW ADLVQPDAQD ILDTLEDNRN WYQSMIPQSP SPPLDEQNRD 
    CQGLMEKFQF ELTLDEEDSE GPEKEGEGHS YFSSTKTLCV IDPENRDSLG ETDIDIATED 
    KSPVDT

Genular Protein ID: 1081393144

Symbol: Q68CX5_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 14
  • Mass: 1599
  • Checksum: C23271517D299F82
  • Sequence:
  • MKKSRSVMTV MADD

Genular Protein ID: 2001170048

Symbol: X5DR82_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 24722188

Title: Protein interaction network of alternatively spliced isoforms from brain links genetic risk factors for autism.

PubMed ID: 24722188

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 661
  • Mass: 75200
  • Checksum: 5E44C3634FFAC96C
  • Sequence:
  • MKKSRSVMTV MADDVMLKNF DVENGPSPGR SPLDPQASSS AGLVLHATFP GHSQRRESFL 
    YRSDSDYDLS PKAMSRNSSL PSEQHGDDLI VTPFAQVLAS LRSVRNNFTI LTNLHGTSNK 
    RSPAASQPPV SRVNPQEESY QKLAMETLEE LDWCLDQLET IQTYRSVSEM ASNKFKRMLN 
    RELTHLSEMS RSGNQVSEYI SNTFLDKQND VEIPSPTQKD REKKKKQQLM TQISGVKKLM 
    HSSSLNNTSI SRFGVNTENE DHLAKELEDL NKWGLNIFNV AGYSHNRPLT CIMYAIFQER 
    DLLKTFRISS DTFITYMMTL EDHYHSDVAY HNSLHAADVA QSTHVLLSTP TLDAVFTDLE 
    ILAAIFAAAI HDVDHPGVSN QFLINTNSEL ALMYNDESVL ENHHLAVGFK LLQEEHCDIF 
    MNLTKKQRQT LRKMVIDMVL ATDMSKHMSL LADLKTMVET KKVTSSGVLL LDNYTDRIQV 
    LRNMVHCADL SNPTKSLELY RQWTDRIMEE FFQQGDKERE RGMEISPMCD KHTASVEKSQ 
    VGFIDYIVHP LWETWADLVQ PDAQDILDTL EDNRNWYQSM IPQSPSPPLD EQNRDCQGLM 
    EKFQFELTLD EEDSEGPEKE GEGHSYFSST KTLCVIDPEN RDSLGETDID IATEDKSPVD 
    T