Details for: WWOX

Gene ID: 51741

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: WWOX

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000186153

Description: WW domain containing oxidoreductase

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 55.87
    rCSI 69.51%
    PRS 46.12
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 55.25
    rCSI 66%
    PRS 47.82
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 51.74
    rCSI 70.8%
    PRS 59.41
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 50.26
    rCSI 64.79%
    PRS 49.32
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 44.69
    rCSI 75.01%
    PRS 48.06
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 43.73
    rCSI 56.15%
    PRS 58.64
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 41.42
    rCSI 66.61%
    PRS 50.01
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 41.15
    rCSI 42.94%
    PRS 66.66
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 40.67
    rCSI 38.43%
    PRS 65.72
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 39.37
    rCSI 69.53%
    PRS 47.12
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 38.54
    rCSI 70.03%
    PRS 58.1
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 37.84
    rCSI 76.78%
    PRS 45.29
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 37.46
    rCSI 61.35%
    PRS 55.77
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 36.52
    rCSI 81.87%
    PRS 48.65
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 34.99
    rCSI 51.44%
    PRS 59.79
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 32.15
    rCSI 45.57%
    PRS 62.99
  • oligodendrocyte precursor cell CL0002453
    CSI 30.52
    rCSI 67.15%
    PRS 50.12
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 29.96
    rCSI 77.44%
    PRS 61.58
  • astrocyte CL0000127
    CSI 29.95
    rCSI 63.82%
    PRS 38.18
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 29.09
    rCSI 72%
    PRS 65.31
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 28.78
    rCSI 41.3%
    PRS 56.24
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 28.16
    rCSI 58.44%
    PRS 63.68
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 27.85
    rCSI 35.74%
    PRS 63.45
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 27.81
    rCSI 55.83%
    PRS 55.81
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 27.75
    rCSI 70.39%
    PRS 56.16
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 27.45
    rCSI 38.02%
    PRS 66.66
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 27.37
    rCSI 47.98%
    PRS 58.97
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 26.99
    rCSI 72.14%
    PRS 57.44
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 25.62
    rCSI 62.27%
    PRS 46.43
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 24.41
    rCSI 99.46%
    PRS 60.1
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 24.29
    rCSI 28.05%
    PRS 59.55
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 24.13
    rCSI 41.74%
    PRS 56.97
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 24.02
    rCSI 66.21%
    PRS 61.81
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 23.59
    rCSI 52.11%
    PRS 52.61
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 22.94
    rCSI 41.07%
    PRS 66.13
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 22.83
    rCSI 18.05%
    PRS 53.71
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 22.33
    rCSI 69.77%
    PRS 49.72
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 22.26
    rCSI 58.04%
    PRS 66.58
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 21.76
    rCSI 82.12%
    PRS 51.73
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 20.82
    rCSI 60.34%
    PRS 56.15
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 20.26
    rCSI 32.32%
    PRS 58.95
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 20.23
    rCSI 28.11%
    PRS 65.31
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 20.22
    rCSI 63.23%
    PRS 52.2
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 19.66
    rCSI 31.26%
    PRS 59.31
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 19.63
    rCSI 70.66%
    PRS 46.25
  • kidney collecting duct principal cell CL1001431
    CSI 19.36
    rCSI 97.42%
    PRS 66.03
  • mural cell CL0008034
    CSI 19.23
    rCSI 65.15%
    PRS 61.39
  • subcutaneous adipocyte CL0002521
    CSI 19.18
    rCSI 98.21%
    PRS 71.51
  • kidney interstitial fibroblast CL1000692
    CSI 18.82
    rCSI 100%
    PRS 57.09
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 18.77
    rCSI 16.5%
    PRS 54.59
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 18.65
    rCSI 43.04%
    PRS 55.07
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 18.03
    rCSI 68.13%
    PRS 48.61
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 17.13
    rCSI 64.15%
    PRS 58.53
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 17.03
    rCSI 40.72%
    PRS 53.74
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 16.98
    rCSI 30.5%
    PRS 59.89
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 16.72
    rCSI 25.23%
    PRS 71.55
  • myeloid cell CL0000763
    CSI 16.48
    rCSI 67.87%
    PRS 76.24
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 16.41
    rCSI 42.62%
    PRS 69.59
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 15.95
    rCSI 38.97%
    PRS 59.63
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 15.8
    rCSI 27.85%
    PRS 63.27
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 15.72
    rCSI 15.16%
    PRS 57.85
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 15.53
    rCSI 44.16%
    PRS 64.43
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 15.35
    rCSI 14.29%
    PRS 67.44
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 15.22
    rCSI 31.42%
    PRS 67.12
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 15.21
    rCSI 40.51%
    PRS 55.66
  • oligodendrocyte CL0000128
    CSI 14.88
    rCSI 43.97%
    PRS 56.11
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 14.65
    rCSI 27.44%
    PRS 54.7
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 14.57
    rCSI 49.9%
    PRS 54.96
  • central nervous system macrophage CL0000878
    CSI 14.43
    rCSI 47.83%
    PRS 70.7
  • mature microglial cell CL0002629
    CSI 14.42
    rCSI 59.93%
    PRS 66.04
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 13.72
    rCSI 22.24%
    PRS 62.71
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 13.69
    rCSI 11.85%
    PRS 71.65
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 13.28
    rCSI 11.13%
    PRS 70.47
  • mature astrocyte CL0002627
    CSI 13.17
    rCSI 55.97%
    PRS 59.68
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 12.93
    rCSI 20.81%
    PRS 56.26
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 12.9
    rCSI 57.31%
    PRS 66.66
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 12.17
    rCSI 27.84%
    PRS 66.97
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 12.04
    rCSI 17.61%
    PRS 71.52
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 11.93
    rCSI 26.25%
    PRS 70.73
  • contractile cell CL0000183
    CSI 11.81
    rCSI 34.86%
    PRS 65.24
  • kidney collecting duct intercalated cell CL1001432
    CSI 11.81
    rCSI 84.35%
    PRS 65.97
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 11.78
    rCSI 66.58%
    PRS 51.77
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 11.73
    rCSI 37.54%
    PRS 63.84
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 11.7
    rCSI 38.06%
    PRS 66.12
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 11.64
    rCSI 68.52%
    PRS 49.19
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 11.61
    rCSI 32.65%
    PRS 63.08
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 11.58
    rCSI 29.78%
    PRS 65.28
  • H2 horizontal cell CL0004218
    CSI 11.45
    rCSI 56.95%
    PRS 63.29
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 11.44
    rCSI 46.15%
    PRS 65.78
  • brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075
    CSI 11.34
    rCSI 33.65%
    PRS 76.45
  • serotonergic neuron CL0000850
    CSI 11.22
    rCSI 50.13%
    PRS 50.6
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 11.14
    rCSI 13.85%
    PRS 68.24
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 11.06
    rCSI 12.11%
    PRS 70.46
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 10.86
    rCSI 41.99%
    PRS 79.83
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 10.79
    rCSI 17.23%
    PRS 70.94
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 10.4
    rCSI 11.15%
    PRS 66.73
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 10.27
    rCSI 12.79%
    PRS 77.29
  • microglial cell CL0000129
    CSI 10.18
    rCSI 40.99%
    PRS 70.07
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 10.17
    rCSI 16.07%
    PRS 69.25
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 10.01
    rCSI 38.12%
    PRS 57.29
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 60.6%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 77.3%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 77.3%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 65.2%
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 77.5%
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 63.5%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 77.5%
  • midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 8.0%
    PRS 67.2%
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 85.6%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 65.0%
  • airway submucosal gland duct basal cell CL4033024
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 9.3%
    PRS 75.4%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 57.3%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 64.8%
  • diffuse bipolar 4 cell CL4033031
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 19.4%
    PRS 57.1%
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 76.7%
  • kidney granular cell CL0000648
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 26.0%
    PRS 77.5%
  • smooth muscle cell of the pulmonary artery CL0002591
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 13.9%
    PRS 71.7%
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 70.3%
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 29.4%
    PRS 57.6%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 12.7%
    PRS 74.9%
  • starburst amacrine cell CL0004232
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 20.5%
    PRS 57.1%
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 69.4%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 77.0%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 73.9%
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 70.1%
    PRS 47.9%
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 70.4%
    PRS 47.1%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 15.7%
    PRS 71.2%
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 62.8%
    PRS 57.1%
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 63.3%
    PRS 58.6%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 76.8%
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 10.5%
    PRS 77.3%
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 39.2%
    PRS 64.4%
  • flat midget bipolar cell CL4033033
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 26.8%
    PRS 59.2%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 3.9
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 67.9%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 11.0%
    PRS 73.2%
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 4.2
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 75.2%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 18.8%
    PRS 56.5%
  • tissue-resident macrophage CL0000864
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 20.4%
    PRS 81.6%
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 24.6%
    PRS 74.5%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 11.0%
    PRS 62.4%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 11.6%
    PRS 74.5%
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 83.6%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 28.8%
    PRS 64.6%
  • professional antigen presenting cell CL0000145
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 17.3%
    PRS 86.3%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 41.3%
    PRS 60.1%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 5.3
    rCSI 10.2%
    PRS 69.7%
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 5.3
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 69.4%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 33.9%
    PRS 58.4%
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 77.9%
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 12.2%
    PRS 78.1%
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 48.1%
    PRS 53.8%
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 75.6%
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 5.7
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 75.7%
  • diffuse bipolar 1 cell CL4033027
    CSI 5.7
    rCSI 42.7%
    PRS 59.5%
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 5.8
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 67.1%
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 5.9
    rCSI 50.8%
    PRS 63.0%
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 5.9
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 72.4%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 68.6%
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 17.4%
    PRS 67.6%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 6.3
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 60.2%
  • brain vascular cell CL4023072
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 66.4%
    PRS 60.8%
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 6.5
    rCSI 9.9%
    PRS 63.1%
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 6.6
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 69.7%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 6.6
    rCSI 9.8%
    PRS 71.9%
  • cerebellar neuron CL1001611
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 59.0%
    PRS 53.6%
  • basket cell CL0000118
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 42.1%
    PRS 48.6%
  • skeletal muscle satellite stem cell CL0008011
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 30.4%
    PRS 81.0%
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 32.6%
    PRS 64.8%
  • diffuse bipolar 6 cell CL4033032
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 36.2%
    PRS 60.2%
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 6.9
    rCSI 10.2%
    PRS 77.9%
  • cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL0010006
    CSI 7.0
    rCSI 49.7%
    PRS 59.3%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 7.1
    rCSI 52.2%
    PRS 53.2%
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 59.5%
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 39.6%
    PRS 64.7%
  • invaginating midget bipolar cell CL4033034
    CSI 7.5
    rCSI 44.3%
    PRS 60.8%
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 7.6
    rCSI 11.7%
    PRS 60.5%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 7.6
    rCSI 16.1%
    PRS 82.7%
  • OFFx cell CL4033036
    CSI 7.6
    rCSI 36.0%
    PRS 60.6%
  • naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900
    CSI 7.8
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 84.2%
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 7.8
    rCSI 17.8%
    PRS 58.3%
  • diffuse bipolar 3a cell CL4033029
    CSI 8.1
    rCSI 54.8%
    PRS 61.5%
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 8.1
    rCSI 9.8%
    PRS 74.1%
  • mesangial cell CL0000650
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 33.3%
    PRS 78.2%
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 8.2
    rCSI 27.4%
    PRS 51.5%
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 8.4
    rCSI 27.5%
    PRS 53.4%
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 8.4
    rCSI 21.3%
    PRS 74.1%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 8.5
    rCSI 15.1%
    PRS 74.6%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 8.6
    rCSI 27.7%
    PRS 64.3%
  • mesothelial cell CL0000077
    CSI 8.7
    rCSI 33.9%
    PRS 43.6%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 8.7
    rCSI 14.3%
    PRS 72.0%
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 8.8
    rCSI 23.3%
    PRS 75.3%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 8.8
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 80.9%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 8.9
    rCSI 17.7%
    PRS 63.7%
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906
    CSI 9.0
    rCSI 8.8%
    PRS 85.7%
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 9.2
    rCSI 20.0%
    PRS 54.4%
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 9.2
    rCSI 12.4%
    PRS 66.6%
  • H1 horizontal cell CL0004217
    CSI 9.3
    rCSI 36.9%
    PRS 65.1%
  • diffuse bipolar 3b cell CL4033030
    CSI 9.3
    rCSI 62.0%
    PRS 63.2%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 9.4
    rCSI 12.3%
    PRS 79.7%
  • erythroblast CL0000765
    CSI 9.4
    rCSI 25.1%
    PRS 76.9%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [WWOX](/details-gene/51741), or WW domain-containing oxidoreductase, is a protein-coding gene located on human chromosome 16q23.1-q23.2, a region identified as a common fragile site (FRA16D) that is frequently deleted in multiple forms of cancer ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10786676/), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/9.11.1651)). The gene product is widely recognized as a tumor suppressor protein that participates in a variety of critical cellular processes. Functional annotations highlight its involvement in regulating apoptosis, both through extrinsic ([GO:0097191](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0097191)) and intrinsic pathways ([GO:0072332](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0072332)), and modulating key signaling cascades such as the Wnt ([GO:0016055](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016055)) and TGF-beta ([GO:0071560](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0071560)) pathways. **Overall**, expression data reveals that [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) is a highly significant gene in the central nervous system, with particularly high expression in various subtypes of GABAergic cortical interneurons, including [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018) and [VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023016), as well as in glial cells like [Bergmann glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000644). This suggests that in addition to its role in cancer, [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) likely plays a fundamental role in neuronal function and homeostasis. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) demonstrates a pronounced enrichment within the central nervous system. **Overall**, the gene shows its highest significance in several distinct populations of inhibitory neurons, with the top markers being [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018) (CSI: 55.87), [VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023016) (CSI: 55.25), and [sst GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023017) (CSI: 50.26). This strong and specific expression pattern across multiple GABAergic lineages suggests a foundational role for [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) in establishing or maintaining the functional identity of cortical interneurons. Beyond neurons, [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) is also significantly expressed in various glial and epithelial cell types of the brain. These include [Bergmann glial cell](/details-cell/CL0000644) (CSI: 51.74), [differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor](/details-cell/CL4023059) (CSI: 38.54), [ependymal cell](/details-cell/CL0000065) (CSI: 37.84), and [astrocyte of the cerebral cortex](/details-cell/CL0002605) (CSI: 36.52). This indicates a broader involvement in CNS homeostasis, potentially contributing to glial support functions, myelination, and the maintenance of the cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Notably, [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) also exhibits significant expression in cell types outside the nervous system, such as [adipocyte](/details-cell/CL0000136) (CSI: 43.73) and secretory lineage cells like [secretory cell](/details-cell/CL0000151) (CSI: 41.15) and [goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0000160) (CSI: 40.67), suggesting pleiotropic roles in metabolic regulation and epithelial barrier functions. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) are multifaceted, centered on its roles in apoptosis, signal transduction, and transcriptional regulation. Its classification as a tumor suppressor is strongly supported by its involvement in both the [extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway](/details-cell/GO:0097191) and the [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator](/details-cell/GO:0072332), a function corroborated by studies showing its interaction with p73, a p53 homolog ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0400805101)). Its oxidoreductase activity ([GO:0016491](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0016491)) and its ability to engage in protein-protein interactions via its WW domains ([GO:0005515](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)) are central to these functions. In the nucleus, [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) acts as a transcriptional co-regulator. Reactome pathways highlight its role in [Gene expression (transcription)](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-74160) and, more specifically, in the [Transcriptional regulation by the AP-2 (TFAP2) family of transcription factors](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-8864260). This is consistent with research demonstrating a physical and functional interaction between WWOX and the AP-2gamma transcription factor ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-2055)). Furthermore, [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) is implicated in signaling cascades initiated by receptor tyrosine kinases, particularly [Signaling by ERBB4](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-1236394), where it competes with other proteins for receptor binding to modulate downstream transcriptional events ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1150)). Its participation in the [Wnt signaling pathway](/details-cell/GO:0016055) and its role in developmental processes such as [osteoblast differentiation](/details-cell/GO:0001649) underscore its importance in both tumorigenesis and normal tissue morphogenesis. ## Research Directions While the role of [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) as a tumor suppressor is well-documented, its high and specific expression in the central nervous system suggests important neurological functions that remain less understood. The convergence of its known roles in apoptosis and transcription with its prominent expression in interneurons and glia points toward several intriguing research avenues. Based on the available data, several testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. Given its high significance in multiple classes of GABAergic interneurons and its pro-apoptotic function, [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) may be a critical regulator of neuronal programmed cell death during cortical development, ensuring the establishment of balanced excitatory-inhibitory circuits. Its dysregulation could therefore contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by such imbalances. 2. The significant expression of [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) in glial precursors and mature glia, combined with its function as a transcriptional co-regulator, suggests it may play a role in orchestrating the differentiation and maturation of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Loss of [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) in these lineages could impair myelination or synaptic support, contributing to the pathology of demyelinating or neurodegenerative diseases. To test the first hypothesis regarding the role of [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) in interneuron development, a key experiment would be to generate a conditional knockout mouse model where [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) is deleted specifically in cortical interneuron progenitors (e.g., using an *Nkx2.1*-Cre or *Dlx5/6*-Cre driver). The resulting phenotypes could be assessed through a combination of histological analysis to quantify interneuron populations and their laminar distribution, electrophysiological recordings to measure inhibitory synaptic transmission, and single-cell RNA sequencing to map how its absence alters the transcriptional trajectories of developing interneurons. From a therapeutic perspective, [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) is primarily a candidate for **activation** or gene restoration strategies in cancer therapy, as its loss of function is the pathogenic event. This presents significant challenges, but approaches could include gene therapy to reintroduce a functional copy of [WWOX](/details-gene/51741) into tumor cells or the development of small molecules that stabilize the protein or mimic the activity of its downstream effector pathways. The high expression in the CNS would necessitate careful consideration of delivery methods and potential neurological side effects for any systemic therapy.

Genular Protein ID: 888027127

Symbol: WWOX_HUMAN

Name: WW domain-containing oxidoreductase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10786676

Title: WWOX, a novel WW domain-containing protein mapping to human chromosome 16q23.3-24.1, a region frequently affected in breast cancer.

PubMed ID: 10786676

PubMed ID: 10861292

Title: Common chromosomal fragile site FRA16D sequence: identification of the FOR gene spanning FRA16D and homozygous deletions and translocation breakpoints in cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 10861292

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.11.1651

PubMed ID: 11719429

Title: WWOX, the FRA16D gene, behaves as a suppressor of tumor growth.

PubMed ID: 11719429

PubMed ID: 11572989

Title: WWOX: a candidate tumor suppressor gene involved in multiple tumor types.

PubMed ID: 11572989

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.191175898

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 14695174

Title: An opposing view on WWOX protein function as a tumor suppressor.

PubMed ID: 14695174

PubMed ID: 12514174

Title: JNK1 physically interacts with WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WOX1) and inhibits WOX1-mediated apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 12514174

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m208373200

PubMed ID: 15266310

Title: Frequent downregulation and loss of WWOX gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

PubMed ID: 15266310

DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602023

PubMed ID: 15548692

Title: Physical and functional interactions between the Wwox tumor suppressor protein and the AP-2gamma transcription factor.

PubMed ID: 15548692

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-2055

PubMed ID: 15073125

Title: The tumor suppressor gene WWOX at FRA16D is involved in pancreatic carcinogenesis.

PubMed ID: 15073125

DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-03-0096

PubMed ID: 15131042

Title: Loss of WWOX expression in gastric carcinoma.

PubMed ID: 15131042

DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-03-0594

PubMed ID: 15064722

Title: WWOX binds the specific proline-rich ligand PPXY: identification of candidate interacting proteins.

PubMed ID: 15064722

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207680

PubMed ID: 15070730

Title: Functional association between Wwox tumor suppressor protein and p73, a p53 homolog.

PubMed ID: 15070730

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0400805101

PubMed ID: 16061658

Title: WW domain-containing proteins, WWOX and YAP, compete for interaction with ErbB-4 and modulate its transcriptional function.

PubMed ID: 16061658

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1150

PubMed ID: 16288044

Title: Activated tyrosine kinase Ack1 promotes prostate tumorigenesis: role of Ack1 in polyubiquitination of tumor suppressor Wwox.

PubMed ID: 16288044

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1127

PubMed ID: 16219768

Title: WOX1 is essential for tumor necrosis factor-, UV light-, staurosporine-, and p53-mediated cell death, and its tyrosine 33-phosphorylated form binds and stabilizes serine 46-phosphorylated p53.

PubMed ID: 16219768

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m505590200

PubMed ID: 16223882

Title: WWOX gene restoration prevents lung cancer growth in vitro and in vivo.

PubMed ID: 16223882

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0505485102

PubMed ID: 19366691

Title: Transforming growth factor beta1 signaling via interaction with cell surface Hyal-2 and recruitment of WWOX/WOX1.

PubMed ID: 19366691

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m806688200

PubMed ID: 19465938

Title: Inhibition of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway by the WWOX tumor suppressor protein.

PubMed ID: 19465938

DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.120

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 22226915

Title: A WWOX-binding molecule, transmembrane protein 207, is related to the invasiveness of gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma.

PubMed ID: 22226915

DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs001

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 30285739

Title: VOPP1 promotes breast tumorigenesis by interacting with the tumor suppressor WWOX.

PubMed ID: 30285739

DOI: 10.1186/s12915-018-0576-6

PubMed ID: 24456803

Title: The supposed tumor suppressor gene WWOX is mutated in an early lethal microcephaly syndrome with epilepsy, growth retardation and retinal degeneration.

PubMed ID: 24456803

DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-9-12

PubMed ID: 25411445

Title: WWOX-related encephalopathies: delineation of the phenotypical spectrum and emerging genotype-phenotype correlation.

PubMed ID: 25411445

DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102748

PubMed ID: 11956080

Title: Genetic alterations of the tumor suppressor gene WWOX in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

PubMed ID: 11956080

PubMed ID: 24369382

Title: The tumour suppressor gene WWOX is mutated in autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia with epilepsy and mental retardation.

PubMed ID: 24369382

DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt338

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 414
  • Mass: 46677
  • Checksum: E4D9A649E6CB05DF
  • Sequence:
  • MAALRYAGLD DTDSEDELPP GWEERTTKDG WVYYANHTEE KTQWEHPKTG KRKRVAGDLP 
    YGWEQETDEN GQVFFVDHIN KRTTYLDPRL AFTVDDNPTK PTTRQRYDGS TTAMEILQGR 
    DFTGKVVVVT GANSGIGFET AKSFALHGAH VILACRNMAR ASEAVSRILE EWHKAKVEAM 
    TLDLALLRSV QHFAEAFKAK NVPLHVLVCN AATFALPWSL TKDGLETTFQ VNHLGHFYLV 
    QLLQDVLCRS APARVIVVSS ESHRFTDIND SLGKLDFSRL SPTKNDYWAM LAYNRSKLCN 
    ILFSNELHRR LSPRGVTSNA VHPGNMMYSN IHRSWWVYTL LFTLARPFTK SMQQGAATTV 
    YCAAVPELEG LGGMYFNNCC RCMPSPEAQS EETARTLWAL SERLIQERLG SQSG