Details for: SAR1A

Gene ID: 56681

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: SAR1A

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000079332

Description: secretion associated Ras related GTPase 1A

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 26.15
    rCSI 32.35%
    PRS 22.34
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 14.22
    rCSI 21.97%
    PRS 23.76
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 11.74
    rCSI 19.01%
    PRS 25.35
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 11.57
    rCSI 29.92%
    PRS 23.41
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 11.25
    rCSI 16.54%
    PRS 23.29
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 10.82
    rCSI 20.84%
    PRS 54.23
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 10.7
    rCSI 18.86%
    PRS 32.43
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906
    CSI 10.48
    rCSI 10.3%
    PRS 59.45
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 10.18
    rCSI 45.22%
    PRS 24.61
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 10.04
    rCSI 13.68%
    PRS 54.37
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 9.5
    rCSI 7.23%
    PRS 33.55
  • natural T-regulatory cell CL0000903
    CSI 8.42
    rCSI 15.94%
    PRS 61.39
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 8.01
    rCSI 8.51%
    PRS 41.28
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 7.15
    rCSI 78.29%
    PRS 42.84
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 7.12
    rCSI 41.41%
    PRS 36.61
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 6.81
    rCSI 5.54%
    PRS 26.49
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 6.73
    rCSI 32.25%
    PRS 21.56
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 6.55
    rCSI 12.38%
    PRS 50.21
  • CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399
    CSI 6.19
    rCSI 7.48%
    PRS 30.55
  • alternatively activated macrophage CL0000890
    CSI 5.61
    rCSI 7.05%
    PRS 37.93
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 5.43
    rCSI 17.61%
    PRS 29.87
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 5.34
    rCSI 17.18%
    PRS 26.04
  • kidney epithelial cell CL0002518
    CSI 5.13
    rCSI 9.8%
    PRS 50.21
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 5.03
    rCSI 7.69%
    PRS 40.14
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 5.26%
    PRS 28.3
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 4.39
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 24.63
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 4.35
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 18.75
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 4.22
    rCSI 12.15%
    PRS 43.88
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 4.21
    rCSI 4.41%
    PRS 23.67
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 4.21
    rCSI 8.68%
    PRS 35.8
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 10.81%
    PRS 30.17
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 4
    rCSI 6.39%
    PRS 27.74
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 3.79
    rCSI 5.37%
    PRS 23.46
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 3.47
    rCSI 17.4%
    PRS 33.41
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 3.45
    rCSI 7.15%
    PRS 25.09
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 3.39
    rCSI 5.94%
    PRS 19.61
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 3.24
    rCSI 20.83%
    PRS 49.45
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 3.16
    rCSI 3.93%
    PRS 34.81
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 3.14%
    PRS 21.73
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 2.92%
    PRS 25.34
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 3.12
    rCSI 4.17%
    PRS 32.29
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 4%
    PRS 15.94
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 3.07
    rCSI 3.21%
    PRS 25.97
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 3.03
    rCSI 8.7%
    PRS 37.87
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 17.16%
    PRS 36.26
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 4.14%
    PRS 33.7
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 2.89
    rCSI 6.45%
    PRS 29.78
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 2.86
    rCSI 3.31%
    PRS 21.91
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 17.44
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 2.57%
    PRS 44.22
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 2.76
    rCSI 4.09%
    PRS 28.82
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 2.76
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 31.92
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 2.76
    rCSI 2.51%
    PRS 38.12
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 2.75
    rCSI 10.38%
    PRS 15.91
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.55%
    PRS 26.54
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 2.66
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 19.42
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 2.66
    rCSI 2.61%
    PRS 27.16
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 2.63
    rCSI 3.15%
    PRS 42.98
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 4.94%
    PRS 39.38
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 3.71%
    PRS 33.36
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 2.51
    rCSI 1.97%
    PRS 30.67
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 3.84%
    PRS 30.44
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 2.49
    rCSI 1.88%
    PRS 34.61
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 2.45
    rCSI 1.96%
    PRS 43.74
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 21.73
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 2.42
    rCSI 4.13%
    PRS 49.4
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 2.38
    rCSI 1.65%
    PRS 30.6
  • tuft cell of colon CL0009041
    CSI 2.33
    rCSI 5.42%
    PRS 46.03
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 2.24
    rCSI 2.28%
    PRS 35.76
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 1.89%
    PRS 36.89
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 1.93%
    PRS 25.61
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 2.53%
    PRS 28.95
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 2.94%
    PRS 27.99
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 3.04%
    PRS 34.96
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 3.08%
    PRS 26.89
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 2.07
    rCSI 4.02%
    PRS 26.07
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 2.05
    rCSI 1.66%
    PRS 25.56
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 2.05
    rCSI 1.79%
    PRS 33.28
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 5.97%
    PRS 29.5
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 2
    rCSI 2.66%
    PRS 27.79
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2
    rCSI 1.66%
    PRS 24.1
  • skeletal muscle satellite cell CL0000594
    CSI 1.99
    rCSI 5.82%
    PRS 61.76
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 1.91
    rCSI 2.45%
    PRS 24.21
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 1.86
    rCSI 2.37%
    PRS 29.13
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 1.38%
    PRS 27.16
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 2.52%
    PRS 46.35
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 2.84%
    PRS 36.39
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 5%
    PRS 38.55
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 2.75%
    PRS 52.97
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 44.2
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.75
    rCSI 2.38%
    PRS 21.99
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 1.53%
    PRS 29.2
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 1.25%
    PRS 34.79
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 1.73
    rCSI 2.57%
    PRS 29.12
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 1.43%
    PRS 25.77
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 1.16%
    PRS 31.51
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 1.69
    rCSI 1.32%
    PRS 37.13
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 1.68
    rCSI 4.25%
    PRS 19.34
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 1.66
    rCSI 3.76%
    PRS 32.44
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.64
    rCSI 2.51%
    PRS 25.46
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 39.7%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 36.7%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 16.0%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 43.6%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 46.4%
  • epithelial cell of esophagus CL0002252
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 61.8%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte CL0002057
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 52.1%
  • osteoblast CL0000062
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 8.4%
    PRS 84.2%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 44.6%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 8.7%
    PRS 45.8%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 49.0%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 14.5%
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 16.1%
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 41.7%
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 40.8%
  • pluripotent stem cell CL0002248
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 14.3%
    PRS 50.6%
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 58.3%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 41.4%
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 56.0%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 47.6%
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 37.0%
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 46.1%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 16.2%
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 40.3%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 42.1%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 54.4%
  • pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 50.8%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 33.4%
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 38.8%
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 59.7%
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 34.4%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 34.0%
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 23.1%
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 40.5%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 24.8%
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 58.4%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 23.8%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 32.7%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 15.0%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 35.8%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 23.4%
  • smooth muscle cell of prostate CL1000487
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 64.3%
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 23.3%
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 18.3%
  • Cajal-Retzius cell CL0000695
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 46.0%
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 28.3%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 27.1%
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 37.9%
  • intraepithelial lymphocyte CL0002496
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 71.9%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 28.5%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 19.8%
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 38.9%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 36.2%
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 42.1%
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 37.5%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 19.4%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 23.5%
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 41.4%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 32.2%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 21.3%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 19.6%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 38.3%
  • lung goblet cell CL1000143
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 10.4%
    PRS 65.6%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 42.2%
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 44.1%
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 36.8%
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 29.9%
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 24.7%
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 26.5%
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 23.6%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 32.7%
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 33.9%
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 21.6%
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 24.2%
  • serous secreting cell CL0000313
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 69.5%
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 41.1%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 15.1%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 24.6%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 29.8%
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 42.6%
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 37.2%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 14.4%
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 46.0%
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 28.6%
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 25.7%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 42.8%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 18.5%
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 36.5%
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 26.0%
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 21.5%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 30.9%
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 36.7%
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 40.4%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 32.5%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 15.0%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 34.0%
  • epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 30.8%
    PRS 58.8%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 23.6%
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 28.1%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 18.8%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) (Secretion Associated Ras Related GTPase 1A) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10q22.1. It encodes a small GTPase that is a critical component of the COPII (coat protein complex II) transport vesicle machinery. Functionally, [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) initiates the assembly of the COPII coat at endoplasmic reticulum exit sites, a fundamental step in the transport of newly synthesized proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Its expression profile is characterized by high significance in cell types with substantial secretory or metabolic activity, such as [extravillous trophoblasts](/details-cell/CL0008036) and various activated immune cells, underscoring its essential role in maintaining cellular proteostasis and function across diverse tissues. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression pattern of [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) highlights its role as a key workhorse in cellular protein transport rather than a lineage-defining marker. **Overall**, its significance is highest in cells characterized by high rates of protein secretion, membrane turnover, or complex morphological maintenance. The most significant expression is observed in placental cells, including [extravillous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL0008036) (CSI: 26.15) and [placental villous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL2000060) (CSI: 14.22), which are responsible for secreting a vast array of hormones and growth factors essential for pregnancy. High significance is also noted in other specialized secretory and transporting epithelia, such as [ciliated cells](/details-cell/CL0000064) (CSI: 11.74) and [kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cells](/details-cell/CL1001107) (CSI: 11.57). Furthermore, [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) shows high significance across multiple lymphocyte populations, including [memory T cells](/details-cell/CL0000813) (CSI: 10.82), [activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000906) (CSI: 10.48), and [effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000905) (CSI: 10.04). This is consistent with the high demand for protein secretion (e.g., cytokines, granzymes) that characterizes the effector functions of these immune cells. The gene's importance extends to structurally complex cells like [cerebellar granule cells](/details-cell/CL0001031) (CSI: 11.25) and [podocytes](/details-cell/CL0000653) (CSI: 10.18), which require a robust secretory pathway to maintain their intricate cellular architecture and function. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) are well-defined and central to the canonical secretory pathway. As a small GTPase, it cycles between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state, with its [GTPase activity](/details-cell/GO:0003924) being essential for its function. Its primary role is in [COPII vesicle coating](/details-cell/GO:0048208) at the [endoplasmic reticulum exit site](/details-cell/GO:0070971), initiating the budding of vesicles destined for the Golgi complex. This process is a cornerstone of [endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport](/details-cell/GO:0006888) and, more broadly, [intracellular protein transport](/details-cell/GO:0006886). The critical nature of this function is supported by multiple studies on COPII-mediated cargo export ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0854.2006.00493.x)). Interestingly, research also suggests the existence of COPII-independent protein sorting pathways, indicating that while central, SAR1A-mediated transport is not the sole mechanism for protein export from the ER ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1111/tra.12060)). Beyond its structural role in vesicle formation, [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) is implicated in cellular metabolic sensing. It participates in the [cellular response to leucine starvation](/details-cell/GO:1990253) and the [negative regulation of TORC1 signaling](/details-cell/GO:1904262), suggesting it helps couple the cell's secretory capacity to its nutrient status. Recent evidence has also connected it to innate immunity, showing its involvement in the ER exit of STING, a key adaptor protein in antiviral signaling ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-020-0730-5)). ## Research Directions The ubiquitous and fundamental role of [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) in protein secretion makes it a critical gene for cellular health, while also presenting challenges for therapeutic targeting. Its high expression in metabolically active cells suggests that its dysregulation could be a key factor in diseases characterized by cellular stress or hypersecretion. ### Proposed Hypotheses: 1. **Impaired T cell effector function in chronic disease:** In conditions of chronic antigen stimulation and nutrient stress (e.g., cancer, chronic infection), the capacity of the [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681)-mediated secretory pathway in [effector T cells](/details-cell/CL0001050) may become a rate-limiting factor, leading to T cell exhaustion by uncoupling T cell activation from the ability to secrete effector cytokines and cytolytic molecules. 2. **Role in neurodegenerative proteinopathies:** In neurons like [cerebellar granule cells](/details-cell/CL0001031), subtle defects in [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) function could lead to an accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, triggering chronic ER stress and contributing to the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein aggregation. ### Key Experimental Approach: To test the first hypothesis regarding T cell exhaustion, the following experiment could be conducted: * **Model:** Generate a conditional knockout of [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) in the T cell lineage of a mouse model of chronic viral infection (e.g., LCMV Clone 13). * **Analysis:** At late time points post-infection, isolate T cells from control and knockout mice. Perform single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to profile the transcriptomes and identify signatures of exhaustion and ER stress. * **Functional Assays:** Functionally assess the T cells via *ex vivo* restimulation, measuring cytokine production (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha) by intracellular flow cytometry and cytolytic capacity using a killing assay. This would directly test whether loss of [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) function accelerates or phenocopies T cell exhaustion. ### Therapeutic Potential: Given its essential housekeeping role, systemic **inhibition** of [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) would likely cause unacceptable toxicity. However, its function could be exploited in specific pathological contexts. For example, certain cancers, such as multiple myeloma, are highly dependent on a hyperactive secretory pathway to produce and secrete antibodies or growth factors. In such cases, targeted delivery of a [SAR1A](/details-gene/56681) inhibitor to malignant cells could represent a viable therapeutic strategy by selectively inducing ER stress and apoptosis in cancer cells that are "addicted" to high-capacity protein secretion.

Genular Protein ID: 3790831924

Symbol: SAR1A_HUMAN

Name: COPII-associated small GTPase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10871277

Title: Inhibitors of COPI and COPII do not block PEX3-mediated peroxisome synthesis.

PubMed ID: 10871277

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.149.7.1345

PubMed ID: 11230166

Title: Towards a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 11230166

DOI: 10.1101/gr.gr1547r

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15164054

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10.

PubMed ID: 15164054

DOI: 10.1038/nature02462

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 17005010

Title: Sec16 defines endoplasmic reticulum exit sites and is required for secretory cargo export in mammalian cells.

PubMed ID: 17005010

DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2006.00493.x

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19181664

Title: Distinct transport and intracellular activities of two GlcAT-P isoforms.

PubMed ID: 19181664

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m807517200

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 23433038

Title: Silencing of mammalian Sar1 isoforms reveals COPII-independent protein sorting and transport.

PubMed ID: 23433038

DOI: 10.1111/tra.12060

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 32690950

Title: STEEP mediates STING ER exit and activation of signaling.

PubMed ID: 32690950

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0730-5

PubMed ID: 32929276

Title:

PubMed ID: 32929276

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0803-5

PubMed ID: 32358066

Title: Small sequence variations between two mammalian paralogs of the small GTPase SAR1 underlie functional differences in coat protein complex II assembly.

PubMed ID: 32358066

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012964

PubMed ID: 34290409

Title: SAR1B senses leucine levels to regulate mTORC1 signalling.

PubMed ID: 34290409

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03768-w

PubMed ID: 36369712

Title: The alarmone ppGpp selectively inhibits the isoform A of the human small GTPase Sar1.

PubMed ID: 36369712

DOI: 10.1002/prot.26445

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 198
  • Mass: 22367
  • Checksum: 38A869175CBA54F3
  • Sequence:
  • MSFIFEWIYN GFSSVLQFLG LYKKSGKLVF LGLDNAGKTT LLHMLKDDRL GQHVPTLHPT 
    SEELTIAGMT FTTFDLGGHE QARRVWKNYL PAINGIVFLV DCADHSRLVE SKVELNALMT 
    DETISNVPIL ILGNKIDRTD AISEEKLREI FGLYGQTTGK GNVTLKELNA RPMEVFMCSV 
    LKRQGYGEGF RWLSQYID