Details for: EIF2S2

Gene ID: 8894

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: EIF2S2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000125977

Description: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 76.67
    rCSI 60.31%
    PRS 9.19
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 74.41
    rCSI 71.63%
    PRS 7.98
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 70.81
    rCSI 63.94%
    PRS 6.81
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 66.93
    rCSI 66.8%
    PRS 6.6
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 66.69
    rCSI 53.92%
    PRS 7.59
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 62.09
    rCSI 76.81%
    PRS 6.76
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 59.79
    rCSI 92.39%
    PRS 7.25
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 57.77
    rCSI 50.02%
    PRS 8.59
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 55.46
    rCSI 48.77%
    PRS 5.58
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 54.41
    rCSI 52.46%
    PRS 4.87
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 47.19
    rCSI 59.22%
    PRS 9.82
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 45.54
    rCSI 60.53%
    PRS 8.38
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 44.9
    rCSI 52.73%
    PRS 9.23
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 43.84
    rCSI 36.75%
    PRS 9.22
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 43.82
    rCSI 50.16%
    PRS 16.02
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 42.75
    rCSI 42.05%
    PRS 8.37
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 41.56
    rCSI 43.44%
    PRS 8.11
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 38.14
    rCSI 25.35%
    PRS 9.2
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 35.58
    rCSI 51.31%
    PRS 10.76
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 33.55
    rCSI 35.14%
    PRS 7.17
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 30.63
    rCSI 26.9%
    PRS 8.66
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 30.02
    rCSI 51.42%
    PRS 10.34
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 29.23
    rCSI 55.17%
    PRS 9.58
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 27.79
    rCSI 40.05%
    PRS 12.47
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 27.65
    rCSI 53.78%
    PRS 7.85
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 26.01
    rCSI 61.83%
    PRS 11.59
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 23.55
    rCSI 36.03%
    PRS 12.56
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 23.21
    rCSI 26.84%
    PRS 5.64
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 23.1
    rCSI 41.19%
    PRS 13.24
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 23.09
    rCSI 51.12%
    PRS 7.16
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 22.94
    rCSI 66.41%
    PRS 8.75
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 21.64
    rCSI 75.94%
    PRS 14.03
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 21.32
    rCSI 49.71%
    PRS 19.38
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 21.27
    rCSI 17.63%
    PRS 7.31
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 20.58
    rCSI 43.81%
    PRS 12.5
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 19.67
    rCSI 56.67%
    PRS 15.46
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 19.53
    rCSI 30.01%
    PRS 11.07
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 18.99
    rCSI 50%
    PRS 15.11
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 18.54
    rCSI 53.63%
    PRS 17.43
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 18.43
    rCSI 90.84%
    PRS 10.44
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 18.15
    rCSI 61.35%
    PRS 13.21
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 17.88
    rCSI 15.87%
    PRS 7.7
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 17.58
    rCSI 13.54%
    PRS 6.98
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 17.49
    rCSI 23.9%
    PRS 8.76
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 17.36
    rCSI 49.55%
    PRS 13.69
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 16.23
    rCSI 44.61%
    PRS 12.81
  • kidney epithelial cell CL0002518
    CSI 16.19
    rCSI 30.9%
    PRS 18.64
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 15.85
    rCSI 11.07%
    PRS 8.11
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 15.83
    rCSI 42.68%
    PRS 9.97
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 15.59
    rCSI 34.04%
    PRS 15.71
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 15.36
    rCSI 23.46%
    PRS 7.74
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 15.27
    rCSI 27.74%
    PRS 11.77
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 14.82
    rCSI 19.8%
    PRS 14.74
  • antibody secreting cell CL0000946
    CSI 14.66
    rCSI 65.2%
    PRS 33.67
  • plasma cell CL0000786
    CSI 14.3
    rCSI 18.74%
    PRS 37.95
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 14.16
    rCSI 22.83%
    PRS 12.43
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 14.04
    rCSI 14.71%
    PRS 8.21
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 14.04
    rCSI 75.74%
    PRS 14.79
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 13.51
    rCSI 78.6%
    PRS 11.64
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 13.14
    rCSI 36.84%
    PRS 12.04
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 13.03
    rCSI 57.21%
    PRS 14.47
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 12.96
    rCSI 15.56%
    PRS 7.64
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 12.62
    rCSI 19.57%
    PRS 12.02
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 12.54
    rCSI 64.76%
    PRS 15.5
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 12.3
    rCSI 10.35%
    PRS 12.78
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 12.1
    rCSI 47.09%
    PRS 12.74
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 11.66
    rCSI 9.34%
    PRS 14.04
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 11.25
    rCSI 9.32%
    PRS 7.73
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 11.13
    rCSI 11.35%
    PRS 11.1
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 10.09
    rCSI 15.38%
    PRS 7.27
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 9.96
    rCSI 8.58%
    PRS 12.72
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 9.72
    rCSI 11.61%
    PRS 4.54
  • pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019
    CSI 9.69
    rCSI 45.18%
    PRS 18.93
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 9.55
    rCSI 18.21%
    PRS 12.4
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 9.51
    rCSI 6.61%
    PRS 9.03
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 9.47
    rCSI 15.13%
    PRS 8.43
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 9.37
    rCSI 13.02%
    PRS 8
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 9.31
    rCSI 9.72%
    PRS 7.92
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 8.62
    rCSI 8.14%
    PRS 8.06
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 8.55
    rCSI 5.95%
    PRS 11.12
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 8.4
    rCSI 26.95%
    PRS 11.5
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 8.32
    rCSI 6.45%
    PRS 7.33
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 8.3
    rCSI 24.51%
    PRS 9.67
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 8.26
    rCSI 33.01%
    PRS 17.06
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 8.09
    rCSI 11.02%
    PRS 6.91
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 7.97
    rCSI 28.31%
    PRS 12.69
  • thymocyte CL0000893
    CSI 7.93
    rCSI 28.17%
    PRS 24.81
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 7.84
    rCSI 20.37%
    PRS 23.04
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 7.66
    rCSI 6.06%
    PRS 5.32
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 7.62
    rCSI 24.96%
    PRS 23.1
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 7.33
    rCSI 27.47%
    PRS 6.65
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 7.31
    rCSI 9.38%
    PRS 8.9
  • muscle cell CL0000187
    CSI 7.16
    rCSI 14.7%
    PRS 18.51
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 7.06
    rCSI 8.15%
    PRS 6.89
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 6.95
    rCSI 6.41%
    PRS 7.84
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 6.93
    rCSI 10.58%
    PRS 13.5
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 6.81
    rCSI 10.06%
    PRS 12.19
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 6.79
    rCSI 6.28%
    PRS 14.16
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 6.68
    rCSI 9.78%
    PRS 8.17
  • respiratory epithelial cell CL0002368
    CSI 6.52
    rCSI 40.24%
    PRS 25.52
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI -9.0
    rCSI -10.5%
    PRS 11.3%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI -8.1
    rCSI -14.0%
    PRS 5.9%
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI -7.0
    rCSI -15.7%
    PRS 4.8%
  • lung interstitial macrophage CL4033043
    CSI -5.5
    rCSI -12.4%
    PRS 17.7%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI -4.7
    rCSI -8.2%
    PRS 10.2%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI -4.4
    rCSI -27.4%
    PRS 6.3%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI -3.8
    rCSI -9.2%
    PRS 4.4%
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI -3.6
    rCSI -21.0%
    PRS 4.8%
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI -2.5
    rCSI -6.4%
    PRS 10.8%
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI -1.9
    rCSI -9.0%
    PRS 4.8%
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI -1.7
    rCSI -4.3%
    PRS 9.7%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI -1.4
    rCSI -4.0%
    PRS 11.2%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI -1.3
    rCSI -4.9%
    PRS 4.7%
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI -1.2
    rCSI -2.5%
    PRS 8.5%
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI -1.1
    rCSI -2.0%
    PRS 5.8%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI -1.0
    rCSI -3.2%
    PRS 5.3%
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI -1.0
    rCSI -1.7%
    PRS 6.8%
  • follicular B cell CL0000843
    CSI -0.8
    rCSI -2.9%
    PRS 34.0%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI -0.4
    rCSI -0.6%
    PRS 8.9%
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI -0.3
    rCSI -0.5%
    PRS 21.5%
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI -0.2
    rCSI -0.4%
    PRS 5.8%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI -0.1
    rCSI -0.5%
    PRS 4.2%
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI -0.1
    rCSI -1.0%
    PRS 8.1%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI -0.1
    rCSI -0.2%
    PRS 6.0%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.1%
    PRS 4.9%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 11.7%
  • Merkel cell CL0000242
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 51.7%
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 3.3%
  • odontoblast CL0000060
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 40.0%
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.1%
    PRS 8.2%
  • parietal cell CL0000162
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 44.8%
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 4.1%
  • eye photoreceptor cell CL0000287
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 23.2%
  • cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron CL4023111
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 24.9%
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 12.0%
  • osteoblast CL0000062
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 58.4%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 6.8%
  • P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 19.6%
  • uterine smooth muscle cell CL0002601
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 50.5%
  • renal beta-intercalated cell CL0002201
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 9.5%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.4%
    PRS 11.0%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 4.5%
  • metallothionein-positive alveolar macrophage CL4033042
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 34.0%
  • vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 32.1%
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 5.0%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 16.5%
  • enteroendocrine cell of small intestine CL0009006
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 11.9%
  • serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland CL4033005
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 35.0%
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 26.6%
  • bronchiolar smooth muscle cell CL4033017
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 25.5%
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 13.6%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 5.9%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 6.3%
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 11.1%
  • vasa recta descending limb cell CL1001285
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 33.6%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 17.1%
  • smooth muscle cell of prostate CL1000487
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 37.9%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 5.5%
  • collagen secreting cell CL0000667
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 33.0%
  • serous secreting cell CL0000313
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 34.9%
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 12.3%
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 12.0%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 11.1%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 16.6%
  • cell of skeletal muscle CL0000188
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 7.7%
    PRS 45.7%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 7.7%
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 8.0%
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 17.6%
  • basal cell of epithelium of trachea CL1000348
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 5.7%
    PRS 24.6%
  • tuft cell of colon CL0009041
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 17.8%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 7.7%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 13.5%
  • renal intercalated cell CL0005010
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 57.1%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 4.6%
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 26.3%
  • ventricular cardiac muscle cell CL2000046
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 32.8%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 7.3%
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 16.4%
  • skeletal muscle satellite stem cell CL0008011
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 26.1%
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 9.4%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 16.6%
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 12.2%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 14.4%
  • group 2 innate lymphoid cell CL0001069
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.8%
    PRS 27.0%
  • intraepithelial lymphocyte CL0002496
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 34.2%
  • myelocyte CL0002193
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 7.3%
    PRS 26.0%
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 11.9%
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 14.4%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 16.4%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 11.0%
  • hair follicular keratinocyte CL2000092
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 19.6%
    PRS 32.0%
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 12.5%
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 16.6%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 8.1%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 8.9%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 7.9%
  • primordial germ cell CL0000670
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 48.7%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 5.3%
    PRS 21.1%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 7.8%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 13.3%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894), or eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20q11.22. It encodes the beta subunit of the eIF-2 complex, a crucial component of the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. The eIF-2 complex plays a fundamental role in delivering the initiator methionyl-tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit, a rate-limiting step in [Translational initiation](/details-go/GO:0006413). Consistent with its central role in protein production, [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) shows significant expression in cells characterized by high rates of proliferation or protein secretion, such as [plasmablast](/details-cell/CL0000980)s, various progenitor cells, and specialized secretory epithelial cells. Its function is integral to numerous cellular processes, including stress responses, cell cycle progression, and immune system regulation. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) highlights its importance in cells with high metabolic and biosynthetic demands. Its most significant expression is observed in cell types dedicated to large-scale protein secretion or rapid proliferation. Top expressing cell populations include [plasmablast](/details-cell/CL0000980)s (CSI: 76.67), which are antibody-secreting factories, and various secretory epithelial cells like [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006) (CSI: 74.41) and [multi-ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0005012) (CSI: 66.93). This pattern suggests that [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) is a key workhorse supporting the massive translational load required for their specialized functions. Furthermore, high significance in progenitor and stem cell populations, including [megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050) (CSI: 70.81), [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049) (CSI: 66.69), and [stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000034) (CSI: 54.41), indicates a critical role in facilitating the rapid cell growth and division inherent to developmental and hematopoietic processes. Conversely, [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) shows minimal to negative significance in terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, or quiescent cell types. Its low expression in various neurons, such as [L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron](/details-cell/CL4023040) (CSI: -3.80), and structural cells like [tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0019019) (CSI: -4.67) and [regular ventricular cardiac myocyte](/details-cell/CL0002131) (CSI: -4.38), underscores its specialized role in active translation rather than baseline cellular maintenance. The notably low CSI score in mature [alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000789)s (CSI: -8.97) compared to the high expression in progenitor cells suggests that its expression is dynamically regulated during lymphocyte differentiation and activation. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular function of [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) is centered on its role as a core component of the [eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex](/details-go/GO:0005850), as first detailed in structural studies ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(88)80007-2)). This complex is essential for the [Formation of the ternary complex, and subsequently, the 43s complex](/details-reactome/R-HSA-72695), which is a prerequisite for [Cap-dependent translation initiation](/details-reactome/R-HSA-72737). Beyond this canonical role in [Eukaryotic translation initiation](/details-reactome/R-HSA-72613), [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) is implicated in a wide array of regulatory pathways that modulate protein synthesis in response to cellular conditions. It is a key node in pathways responding to environmental cues, including the [Unfolded protein response (upr)](/details-reactome/R-HSA-381119), [Response of eif2ak4 (gcn2) to amino acid deficiency](/details-reactome/R-HSA-9633012), and general [Cellular responses to stress](/details-reactome/R-HSA-2262752). This positions [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) as a critical mediator that allows cells to adjust their translational output to maintain homeostasis. Furthermore, its involvement in the [Immune system](/details-reactome/R-HSA-168256), particularly [Interferon signaling](/details-reactome/R-HSA-913531) and the [Antiviral mechanism by ifn-stimulated genes](/details-reactome/R-HSA-1169410), is consistent with the need for rapid synthesis of antiviral proteins and cytokines during an immune response. ## Research Directions The expression profile and functional annotations of [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) suggest it is a master regulator of cellular phenotype, particularly in contexts of high biosynthetic demand or stress. This leads to several testable hypotheses. 1. **Hypothesis 1:** Given the high expression of [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) in progenitor cells ([megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050), [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049)) and its significantly lower expression in their terminally differentiated descendants ([alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000789)), the downregulation of [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894)-mediated translation may be a prerequisite for hematopoietic cell commitment and the acquisition of a quiescent, mature state. 2. **Hypothesis 2:** In professional secretory cells like [plasmablast](/details-cell/CL0000980)s, which are prone to proteotoxic stress, [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) may not only drive high translational output but also function as a key sensor or modulator within the [Unfolded protein response (upr)](/details-reactome/R-HSA-381119) pathway to prevent cell death from overwhelming the endoplasmic reticulum. A key experiment to test the second hypothesis could involve the targeted knockdown of [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) in a multiple myeloma cell line, which serves as a model for malignant [plasmablast](/details-cell/CL0000980)s. Using CRISPRi or siRNA, one could reduce [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) levels and subsequently challenge the cells with an ER stress-inducing agent like tunicamycin. The impact on cell viability, apoptosis, and key UPR signaling molecules (e.g., phosphorylation of PERK and eIF2α, splicing of XBP1) would be measured by flow cytometry, Western blotting, and qPCR. A significant increase in apoptosis and dysregulation of the UPR in knockdown cells compared to controls would support the hypothesis that [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) is critical for managing secretory stress. From a therapeutic perspective, the ubiquitous and essential nature of [EIF2S2](/details-gene/8894) makes it a challenging direct target, as systemic inhibition would likely cause significant toxicity. However, its role in enabling the massive protein synthesis required by certain cancers, such as multiple myeloma or pancreatic adenocarcinoma (derived from [pancreatic acinar cell](/details-cell/CL0002064)s), suggests a potential for therapeutic exploitation. Cancers addicted to high translational throughput may be disproportionately sensitive to partial **inhibition** of the eIF2 complex or its upstream regulators. Thus, targeting the eIF2 pathway represents a promising strategy to selectively compromise the viability of cancer cells that rely on hyperactive protein synthesis.

Genular Protein ID: 2610236781

Symbol: IF2B_HUMAN

Name: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3044606

Title: Structure of the beta subunit of translational initiation factor eIF-2.

PubMed ID: 3044606

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(88)80007-2

PubMed ID: 11780052

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.

PubMed ID: 11780052

DOI: 10.1038/414865a

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21745818

Title: Mechanisms of translational regulation by a human eIF5-mimic protein.

PubMed ID: 21745818

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr339

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22813744

Title: The C-terminal domain of eukaryotic initiation factor 5 promotes start codon recognition by its dynamic interplay with eIF1 and eIF2beta.

PubMed ID: 22813744

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2012.04.007

PubMed ID: 23063529

Title: eIF2gamma mutation that disrupts eIF2 complex integrity links intellectual disability to impaired translation initiation.

PubMed ID: 23063529

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.09.005

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25147208

Title: Essential role of eIF5-mimic protein in animal development is linked to control of ATF4 expression.

PubMed ID: 25147208

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku670

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 31836389

Title: Suppression of MEHMO Syndrome Mutation in eIF2 by Small Molecule ISRIB.

PubMed ID: 31836389

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.11.008

PubMed ID: 32690955

Title: Inhibition of the integrated stress response by viral proteins that block p-eIF2-eIF2B association.

PubMed ID: 32690955

DOI: 10.1038/s41564-020-0759-0

PubMed ID: 34260931

Title: Human oncoprotein 5MP suppresses general and repeat-associated non-AUG translation via eIF3 by a common mechanism.

PubMed ID: 34260931

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109376

PubMed ID: 35031321

Title: Stepwise assembly of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex.

PubMed ID: 35031321

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101583

PubMed ID: 31048492

Title: Structural basis for eIF2B inhibition in integrated stress response.

PubMed ID: 31048492

DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw4104

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 333
  • Mass: 38388
  • Checksum: 3E9FD4B48AA61A51
  • Sequence:
  • MSGDEMIFDP TMSKKKKKKK KPFMLDEEGD TQTEETQPSE TKEVEPEPTE DKDLEADEED 
    TRKKDASDDL DDLNFFNQKK KKKKTKKIFD IDEAEEGVKD LKIESDVQEP TEPEDDLDIM 
    LGNKKKKKKN VKFPDEDEIL EKDEALEDED NKKDDGISFS NQTGPAWAGS ERDYTYEELL 
    NRVFNIMREK NPDMVAGEKR KFVMKPPQVV RVGTKKTSFV NFTDICKLLH RQPKHLLAFL 
    LAELGTSGSI DGNNQLVIKG RFQQKQIENV LRRYIKEYVT CHTCRSPDTI LQKDTRLYFL 
    QCETCHSRCS VASIKTGFQA VTGKRAQLRA KAN